Even if you brush twice a day, a hard, yellowish layer can form on some areas of your teeth over time. This is tartar (calculus), and it cannot be removed with a toothbrush. A professional scale and polish is one of the most basic and effective ways to protect gum health.
How Does Tartar Form?
A soft layer of bacteria (plaque) constantly builds up on the teeth. If plaque is not removed regularly, it hardens with minerals from saliva and turns into tartar. Tartar most often forms on the inner surfaces of the lower front teeth and the cheek side of the upper molars, where salivary glands open.
The rough surface of tartar makes it easier for new plaque to stick. This cycle can lead to gum inflammation, bleeding and, over time, gum recession.
Signs of Tartar
- Hard yellow, brown or dark deposits along the gum line
- Bleeding gums when brushing or spontaneously
- Red, swollen and tender gums
- Persistent bad breath
- A rough feeling on the back of the teeth when you touch them with your tongue
How Is a Scale and Polish Done?
- Examination: teeth and gums are assessed and pocket depths checked.
- Ultrasonic scaling: a vibrating ultrasonic tip with a water spray loosens the tartar.
- Hand instruments: areas the ultrasonic tip cannot reach are cleaned by hand.
- Polishing: tooth surfaces are polished smooth, which makes new plaque build-up harder.
- Home-care advice: brushing technique, flossing and interdental brushes are explained.
The procedure usually takes 30–60 minutes. If gum pockets have deepened, a more comprehensive treatment (root surface debridement) may be planned.
Does Cleaning Damage Teeth?
No. Properly performed scaling does not damage enamel. Many people feel that "gaps have opened" between their teeth afterwards; this is simply the space previously filled with tartar. The real damage comes from tartar left in place, which causes gum and bone loss.
How Often Should You Have It?
For most people a check-up and, if needed, cleaning every six months is recommended. More frequent cleaning may be needed for:
- People who build up tartar quickly
- Smokers
- Those with a history of gum disease
- People with diabetes
- Patients with braces or dental implants
- Pregnant women
Aftercare
- Sensitivity to hot and cold and slight gum bleeding are possible for a few days and usually settle.
- A soft brush and a desensitising toothpaste can help with sensitivity.
- Limit tea, coffee and smoking for the first 24 hours.
- Do not stop brushing because your gums bleed; keep brushing gently.
Professional Cleaning at Defne Prime Dent
At our clinic in Ataşehir, Istanbul, a scale and polish is combined with an assessment of your gum health. For gum problems you can read about our gum disease treatments, and if you would like a brighter shade after cleaning, teeth whitening is an option. Contact us to book an appointment.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does a scale and polish hurt?
Most people tolerate it well. Sensitive teeth or deep deposits may cause some discomfort; local anaesthetic can be used if needed.
Does cleaning whiten teeth?
Removing tartar and surface stains makes teeth look cleaner and brighter, but it does not change the natural tooth colour; that requires whitening.
Can I remove tartar at home?
Hardened tartar cannot be safely removed at home. The most effective thing you can do is prevent plaque from hardening by brushing and flossing regularly.
Can I have my teeth cleaned during pregnancy?
Yes. Because the risk of gum inflammation increases during pregnancy, cleaning is recommended; the second trimester is generally the most comfortable time.
This article is for general information only and does not replace an examination. Please consult your dentist for advice specific to you.
